Step 1: Understand the Reason for Denial

Your denial letter will include the specific reason the Social Security Administration (SSA) turned down your claim. Common reasons include:

• Insufficient medical evidence
• Income or resources exceeding SSI limits
• Incomplete or inaccurate application information
• Failure to cooperate with SSA (such as missing appointments)

Knowing why you were denied helps you target and correct issues during the appeal.

Step 2: Request Reconsideration (Within 60 Days)

The first step in the appeals process is to file a Request for Reconsideration. You must do this within 60 days of receiving your denial notice.

• You can submit the request online or at your local SSA office
• This step involves a complete review of your claim by someone who was not involved in the initial decision
• You may submit new medical records or documents to strengthen your case

This stage typically takes 2 to 4 months, and while many reconsiderations are still denied, it’s an essential step toward getting a hearing.

Step 3: Request a Hearing Before an Administrative Law Judge (ALJ)

If your reconsideration is denied, you can request a hearing with an ALJ. This is often the most successful stage of the appeals process.

• The ALJ will review your entire case and may ask you questions about your condition, work history, and limitations
• You can present new evidence and even call witnesses, such as your doctor or a vocational expert
• It’s highly recommended to prepare thoroughly or seek legal help for this stage

The wait time for a hearing in Maryland can range from 6 to 18 months, depending on your local hearing office.

Step 4: Appeals Council and Federal Court (If Needed)

If the ALJ denies your appeal, you have two remaining options:

1. Appeals Council Review: This SSA body reviews the ALJ’s decision and can either uphold it, reverse it, or send it back for another hearing
2. Federal Court Review: The final step allows you to file a lawsuit in U.S. District Court

These final stages are more complex and generally require legal assistance.

How to Strengthen Your SSI Appeal

To improve your chances of winning on appeal:

• Update your medical records regularly and submit new documents
• Get written statements from your doctors about how your condition limits your ability to work
• Be consistent in your statements across all SSA forms and hearings
• Respond quickly to all SSA requests and deadlines

Missing a deadline—even by one day—can cause your appeal to be dismissed.